E-ISSN: 2619-9467

Contents    Cover    Publication Date: 27 Sep 2022
Year 2022 - Volume 32 - Issue 3

Open Access

Peer Reviewed

ORIGINAL RESEARCH
1203 Viewed619 Downloaded

The Level of Using Family Planning Methods in Refugees in Türkiye and the Factors Affecting Their Choices: A Retrospective Clinical Study

Full Text PDF  
JCOG. 2022;32(3):85-92
DOI: 10.5336/jcog.2021-86756
Article Language: EN
Copyright Ⓒ 2020 by Türkiye Klinikleri. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the family planning methods used by refugee women of reproductive age and the factors affecting their choices. Material and Methods: Parameters such as women age, duration of marriage, number of gravidity and birth, socioeconomic status, educational level, and the contraceptive methods preferred by foreign national women who presented to family planning (FP) outpatient clinic between January 1st, 2013, and October 31st, 2020 were documented and assesed. Results: A total of 721 participants were included in the study. The cumulative percentage of Syrian women who applied to FP clinic was 1.7% in 2013, and this rate was 91.1% in 2019. Syrian women made up 93.6%, Afghan women 2.5%, and Iraqi women accounted for 1.9%. The most preferred contraceptive methods were intrauterine devices (IUDs) (51.1%) and bilateral tubal ligation (BTL) (33.2%). Illiterate women preferred IUDs (56.5%) more, and women with university education preferred BTL (74.1%) (p=0.008). Women with low-income mostly preferred IUDs (54.1%), whereas high-income women mostly preferred BTL (56.9%) (p=0.001). IUDs and BTL were the most common birth control methods used by women from countries outside of Syria. Conclusion: Effective and appropriate contraceptive methods should be explained to immigrant women because the education and income levels of refugees affect the choice of contraception.
REFERENCES:
  1. Koblinsky MA, Tinker A, Daly P. Programming for safe motherhood: a guide to action. Health Policy Plan. 1994;9(3):252-66. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  2. World Health Organization. [Cited: July 16, 2013]. Fact Sheet No. 351. Fa-mily Planning. 2013. [Link] 
  3. Öztürk İnal Z, İnal HA, Küçükkendirci H, Sargın Oruç A, Günenç O. The level of using family planning methods and factors that influence the preference of methods in the Konya-Meram area. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2017;18(2):72-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  4. Cleland J, Bernstein S, Ezeh A, Faundes A, Glasier A, Innis J. Family planning: the unfinished agenda. Lancet. 2006;368(9549):1810-27. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  5. Ozturk Inal Z, Gorkem U, Inal HA. Effects of preoperative anxiety on postcesarean delivery pain and analgesic consumption: general versus spinal anesthesia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020;33(2):191-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  6. United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). 2018-2019 Regional Refugee&Resilience Plan in Response to the Syria Crisis. Available from: [Link] 
  7. Inal ZO, Inal HA, Kucukkendirci H, Oruc AS. Investigation of cesarean sections at Konya Training and Research Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Department between 2010 and 2015. Ginekol Pol. 2017;88(4):185-90. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  8. Republic of Turkey General Directorate of Migration Administration (2020). Available from: [Link] 
  9. Republic of Turkey Prime Ministry Disaster and Emergency Management Authority (PMDEMA). (2018). Temporary Shelte rCenters Report Table. Available from: [Link] 
  10. Ivanova O, Rai M, Kemigisha E. A systematic review of sexual and reproductive health knowledge, experiences and access to services among refugee, migrant and displaced girls and young women in Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(8):1583. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  11. Clark CJ, Spencer RA, Khalaf IA, Gilbert L, El-Bassel N, Silverman JG, et al. The influence of family violence and child marriage on unmet need for family planning in Jordan. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2017;43(2):105-12. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  12. Gavlak D. Syrians flee violence and disrupted health services to Jordan. Bull World Health Organ. 2013;91(6):394-5. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  13. Bardaweel SK, Akour AA, ALkhawaldeh A. Impediments to use of oral contraceptives among refugee women in camps, Jordan. Women Health. 2019;59(3):252-65. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  14. Saleh A, Aydın S, Koçak O. A comparative study of Syrian Refugees in Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan: Healthcare Access and Delivery. OPUS Int J SocRes. 2018;8:14. [Crossref] 
  15. Inal HA, Ozturk Inal Z, Alkan E. Successful conservative management of a dislocated IUD. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2015;2015:130528. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  16. Col Madendag I, Eraslan Sahin M, Madendag Y, Sahin E, Demir MB, Ozdemir F, et al. The effect of immigration on adverse perinatal outcomes: analysis of experiences at a Turkish tertiary hospital. Biomed Res Int. 2019;2019:2326797. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  17. Kitapcıoğlu G, Yanıkkerem E. Manisa Doğumevinde doğum yapan kadınların doğurganlık öyküleri, aile planlaması davranışı ve doğum sonrası aile planlaması danışmanlığı [Reproductive history, family planning behaviour and postpartum counseling of the women who had delivery in Manisa Maternity and Childcare Hospital]. Ege Journal of Medicine. 2008;47(2):87-92. [Link] 
  18. Yıldırım G, Turaclar N, Bakır A, Özdemir L. Sivas ili ana-çocuk sağlığı merkezine başvuran kadınların aile planlaması yöntem tercihleri ve etkileyen faktörler [The factors which effect the family planning methods preferences of women applying to family planning at the mother-child health center of Sivas city]. C.Ü. Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2003;25(3):99-104.
  19. Türkiye 2018 Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması Suriyeli Göçmen Örneklemi Temel Bulgular. Yayın No: NEE-HÜ.19.05. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü; 2019. [Link] 
  20. Cahill N, Sonneveldt E, Stover J, Weinberger M, Williamson J, Wei C, et al. Modern contraceptive use, unmet need, and demand satisfied among women of reproductive age who are married or in a union in the focus countries of the Family Planning 2020 initiative: a systematic analysis using the Family Planning Estimation Tool. Lancet. 2018;391(10123):870-82. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  21. Donati S, Hamam R, Medda E. Family planning KAP survey in Gaza. Soc Sci Med. 2000;50(6):841-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  22. Çöl M, Bilgili Aykut N, Usturalı Mut AN, Koçak C, Uzun SU, Akın A, et al. Sexual and reproductive health of Syrian refugee women in Turkey: a scoping review within the framework of the MISP objectives. Reprod Health. 2020;17(1):99. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  23. Alan Dikmen H, Cankaya S, Dereli Yilmaz S. The attitudes of refugee women in Turkey towards family planning. Public Health Nurs. 2019;36(1):45-52. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  24. Karakaya E, Coskun AM, Ozerdogan N,Yakıt E. Suriyeli mülteci kadınların doğurganlık özellikleri ve etkileyen faktörler: kalitatif bir çalışma [Syrian refugee women's fertility characteristics and influencing factors: a qualitativestudy]. Journal of International Social Research. 2017;10(48):417-27. [Crossref] 
  25. Gümüş Şekerci Y, Aydın Yıldırım T. The knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of Syrian refugee women towards family planning: Sample of Hatay. Int J Nurs Pract. 2020;26(4):e12844. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  26. Gümüs G, Kaya A, Yılmaz SG, Özdemir S, Başıbüyük M, Coşkun AM. Suriyeli mülteci kadınların üreme sağlığı sorunları [Syrian refugee women's reproductive health issues]. Journal of Women's Health Nursing. 2017;3:1-17. [Link] 
  27. Amiri M, El-Mowafi IM, Chahien T, Yousef H, Kobeissi LH. An overview of the sexual and reproductive health status and service delivery among Syrian refugees in Jordan, nine years since the crisis: a systematic literature review. Reprod Health. 2020;17(1):166. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]